Willmore Surfaces

Equivariant Willmore Tori

Willmore tori in the 3-sphere

These tori were discovered by by Dirk Ferus and Franz Pedit in 1990 [1,2].

3-lobed equivariant Willmore torus
4-lobed equivariant Willmore torus
6-lobed equivariant Willmore torus
12-lobed equivariant Willmore torus

References

  1. D. Ferus and F. Pedit, S1-equivariant minimal tori in S4 and S1-equivariant Willmore tori in S3, Math. Z. 204 (1990), no. 2, 269—282 [1055991].
  2. U. Pinkall, Hopf tori in S3, Invent. Math. 81 (1985), no. 2, 379—386 [799274].